We Can Figure This Out.org
Virtual Lab: How Semiconductors and Transistors Work
University of Virginia
             
 
© 2003-Present, John C. Bean
 
The final four electrons (which form a partial "third shell") are still attracted by the positive charge of the nucleus but, to avoid the earlier electrons, they must gather even farther out.

Electrons 11 & 12 form a larger sphere.

Electron 13 & 14 again form into two-lobed clouds. But to avoid one another, these lobes are perpendicular.

 
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